Lung perfusion during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: is it necessary?
Edmo Atique Gabriel 1*,
Rafael Fagionato Locali 1,
Priscila Katsumi Matsuoka 1,
Ludmila Santiago Almeida 1,
Ismael Guerreiro Silva 1,
Vera Lucia Capelozzi 2,
Tomas Antonio Salerno 3,
Enio Buffolo 1
1 Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
2 University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
3 University of Miami, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: edag{at}uol.com.br.
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Abstract |
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Thirty-two pigs were randomized into group I (aortic cross clamping, antegrade cardioplegia, moderate hypothermia) and group II (normothermia, beating empty heart). Groups were subdivided into subgroups A, B and C, receiving no lung perfusion, perfusion with arterial blood and perfusion with venous blood. Swan-Ganz catheter was used to take mean pulmonary artery pressure which would be used as lung perfusion pressure. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was established through cannulating aorta and double venae cavae, mechanic ventilation was interrupted and lung perfusion was carried out for 30 min. Blood samples and pulmonary specimens were withdrawn pre- and postoperatively for gasometrical, histological and genic analyses. Postoperative comparison revealed that pulmonary vascular resistance was lower in IC than IA (P=0.01) and it was lower in IIC than IIA (P=0.005). Subgroup IIB had increasing venous oxygen tension (P=0.01) as well as arterial and venous oxygen saturation (P=0.01) compared to IIA. Arterial oxygen saturation was decreased in IIC versus IIA (P=0.006). Histological differences were observed between subgroups A and B as well as A and C (P=0.003). Lung perfusion during CPB may improve pulmonary hemodynamic performance, optimize gas exchange and maintain cellular integrity. Keywords: Lung; Perfusion; Cardiopulmonary bypass
