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Surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma with intravascular extension

^a Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany
^b Department of Urology, University Hospital, Wuerzburg, Germany

^* Corresponding author. Klinik und Poliklinik für Herz- und Thoraxchirurgie der Universität Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Tel.: +49-931-2010; fax: +49-931-201-33447
schimmer_c{at}klinik.uni-wuerzburg.de

Long-term survival after surgical treatment is possible in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) extending in the right atrium. Different surgical techniques for the treatment of patients with RCC extending into the vena cava have been advocated, depending on the proximal extent of the tumor. We present and propose an algorithm regarding the operative strategy depending on the extent of tumor growth.

Key Words: Renal cell carcinoma; Right atrium involvement; Cardiopulmonary bypass; Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest